About Schneider Electric

Schneider Electric promotes digital transformation to serve the home, building, data center, infrastructure, and industrial markets, and empower everyone to maximize the use of energy and resources, and promote human progress and sustainable common development. It is based in Chaoyang District, Beijing.

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East Road, Beijing Wangjing VI Block A

Beijing, Beijing, 100102,

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Latest Schneider Electric News

为什么那个能力强的员工,越来越不服管?

Nov 13, 2025

为什么那个能力强的员工,越来越不服管? 表面上看,我们会从人事管理角度去寻求这个问题的解决方案,或升职加薪,或调整汇报关系,抑或是进行岗位调动。但在中欧国际工商学院战略学与国际商务副教授蔡舒恒看来,这种“不服管”往往不是人的问题,而是企业的战略系统发出的早期预警,提醒管理者组织可能正在失去方向感,这种失去方向感的状态,就是“战略失焦”。 当优秀员工开始“不服管”,可能不是他们出了问题,而是公司的战略出了问题——取舍标准模糊了,资源配置失衡了,部门目标各自为战了。 战略失焦并不是说公司没有战略,甚至恰恰相反。更值得警惕的是,这种失焦总是悄无声息的,就像慢性病一样渗透进日常决策。先是有能力的聪明人开始困惑和质疑,然后传导到决策层、资源端和文化层,最后整个组织在忙碌中失去了判断力。 战略失焦并非单一管理问题,而是一个系统性症候。 边界消失:从聚焦主业到盲目扩张 但当战略锚点开始松动,决策逻辑就会悄然改变:从“该不该做”变成“能不能做”,从“是否符合战略”变成“是否有机会”。 你会发现,公司开始对各种可能性说“是”:可能是一个看起来“顺势而为”的新赛道,可能是一个客户提到的“潜在增量”,也可能是一个能让对外叙事更丰满的新标签……表面上,这些都很聪明。但当“也可以做”的事累积起来,“主航道”就开始变得模糊。 具体表现有哪些呢? 在组织语言中,开始充斥模糊词汇:“生态”“平台”“多元协同”……这些词语高频出现,却越来越难对应到真实的聚焦方向。 边界消失的危险看似温和无害——企业依然在运转,增长势能还在延续,但是力量已经分散,路径已经分岔。真正的失焦,不是战略变错了,而是战略变多了;不是放弃了重点,而是分不清什么才是重点。 组织内耗:从高效协同到“部门山头” 组织内耗最明显的特征,就是“忙而无果”: 他们不愿被动执行,敢于质疑权威,频繁越级沟通,表面上看是“不服管”,实际上是在用个人判断去弥补系统的模糊。他们的叛逆,不是问题,而是信号——战略的能量已经无法穿透组织层级了。 组织内耗的可怕之处在于:它不会爆发,而是慢性侵蚀。每个人都在完成任务,整体却在滑向低效;每个局部都在“证明正确”,系统却在失去前进的意义。 创新钝化:从敢闯敢试到“稳健求存” 产品还在迭代,但方向趋同 上述三大问题,本质上都指向同一个根源——战略方向的缺席。最终,组织层面的“失焦”,转化为员工层面的“不服管”。 只有当战略重新提供清晰的方向、意义与边界,组织的能量才能被重新聚合,员工才会愿意被引领。 战略聚焦的关键,是让“方向”重新拥有约束力。它不是一份宣言,而是一种能穿透结构、约束冲动、激发创造的秩序。 要重建这种秩序,企业必须完成四个循环:收敛、传导、边界、反馈。 战略收敛:取舍的勇气 真正的聚焦,始于对复杂性做减法。 宝洁(P&G)的转型是个经典案例。作为全球消费品巨头,它曾以极致的多品牌策略横扫市场:洗衣、护肤、口腔、母婴、宠物……几乎覆盖所有家庭场景。但当品牌过多、资源分散、创新滞缓,连“谁是主角”都变得模糊时,增长就开始失速。 2014年起,宝洁痛下决心做减法,剥离约100个品牌,聚焦70~80个核心品牌。时任CEO雷富礼(A.G. Lafley)说:“Less will be much more.”(做少即做强。) 这不是短期战术,而是结构性聚焦——让组织重新拥有清晰的诊断框架:哪些是价值高地,哪些是资源陷阱。 战略收敛的意义,就在于重建稀缺感。当组织回到“有限”的自觉,判断反而开始锋利。 战略传导:让方向穿透组织 施耐德电气中国的实践,可谓“战略翻译”机制的现实样本。 施耐德在中国有电力、工业自动化、楼宇、数据中心、能源管理等多个业务单元。随着规模扩大,各业务线难免出现边界模糊、客户重叠、资源内耗。 近年来,施耐德明确推进"中国枢纽”(China Hub)策略,在中国整合研发、制造与供应链,将组织重心从“产品导向”转为“客户场景导向”。他们打破传统矩阵,以“解决方案”为核心整合团队,同时将部分原属总部的决策权下放至中国,让战略意图能在市场前线被理解、被调整、被执行。 这不仅是结构改革,更是一场语言革命。因为当每一层级都能回答“我今天做的事与公司取胜点有什么关系”时,战略才真正拥有穿透力。 战略边界:自由与秩序的平衡 吉利控股集团正在尝试重绘这条线。 过去几年,吉利以多品牌、多路径的扩张构建了庞大的汽车生态:吉利、领克、几何、极氪、雷达、曹操出行……这种“全面出击”带来了速度,也带来了复杂度。随着新能源赛道加速、智能化技术迭代,吉利开始意识到:过度的多元本身正在稀释创新的锋利度。 2024年9月,吉利发布《台州宣言》,提出“战略聚焦、战略整合、战略协同、战略稳健、战略人才”五大举措,并随即推进股权与平台整合、集中采购与品牌边界厘清等动作,把资源聚焦到少数高势能品牌和平台。 当一个企业开始主动划定“少做什么”,它就重新定义了“自由在哪里”。 战略反馈:行动中的持续学习 Airbnb(爱彼迎)的故事,就是危机中的回路重启。 原因就在于其高层没有盲目维稳,而是回到最根本的问题:“我们真正的核心是什么?” 当外部混乱加剧时,他们选择向内收敛,重建战略回路,在每月复盘会议中用数据验证假设,用客户故事检验方向。 一年后,Airbnb不仅恢复盈利,还以更轻盈的结构重新赢得信任。 通过这种动态反馈,战略不仅保持活力,还为个体提供持续的意义锚点,确保探索成果转化为个人动机。 从激励到意义:从外在驱动到内在共鸣 意义对齐的落地路径,让战略从纸上逻辑变成心理认同,往往经历三个层次:方向可视化、路径透明化、共鸣具象化。 方向:让“取胜目标”可视化 优衣库的实践堪称典型。 在内部管理系统中,每家门店的经营目标都被直接关联到顾客体验指标——顾客停留时长、复购率、搭配满意度,这些都是“生活品质提升”的具体化指标。 更关键的是,优衣库在管理语言上也完成了方向对齐。正如公司创始人柳井正反复强调的理念:优衣库不是服装公司,而是生活方式的支持者和工具提供者”。 当方向可以被“看见”、被“讲出来”,它就从愿景变成了组织的心智锚点。如果方向不能转化为可操作的路径,它就仍停留在认知层面。于是,第二个问题随之而来:组织如何从“知道去哪”走向“知道怎么去”? 路径:让“执行逻辑”透明化 欧莱雅中国的“5-Power模型”是个极具操作性的路径透明化案例。 以欧莱雅中国的“创新力”这一维度为例: 不难看出,当路径被层层清晰地具象化后,每个层级都能看到“战略在我身上如何发生”,员工的行动会自动与战略对齐,因为他们充分知道“为什么这样做,为什么不能那样做”。 共鸣:让“努力价值”具象化 海康威视的内部文化建设,提供了一个工程师文化的案例。 于是,海康威视在战略沟通中加入了“意义具象化”的机制。公司会邀请来自城市、安防、交通、消防等领域的客户,现场讲述他们如何用海康产品解决了现实问题。一个个具体的客户成为技术人员理解“自己代码的社会价值”的窗口。 这就是意义具象化的力量。当员工知道“我的工作让谁的生活变得更好”,动力不再来自外部激励,而来自内在共鸣。 方向、路径、共鸣三者之间,不是一条直线,而是一个循环。意义对齐必须被制度化,否则仍然会回到激励驱动。一些企业开始引入“意义审计”(meaning audit)的概念,每季度或半年度评估员工的战略理解度、路径清晰度与价值认同感,通过访谈与调查及时发现“意义断层”。 结语 当企业重新定义方向与边界,真正被重建的,是判断力与意义感。判断力让组织知道该拒绝什么,意义感让个体知道为何坚持。 真正的管理,不是控制复杂性,而是让能量回到简单的秩序。 在这个被不确定性裹挟的时代,最稀缺的不是灵感,而是定力。 真正的战略从来不是去约束人,而是给出一个值得被追随的未来。 参考文献 1. Crown Business. 2. March, J. G. (1991). Exploration and Exploitation in Organizational Learning. Organization Science, 2(1), 71–87. 3. Kaplan, R. S., & Norton, D. P. (2004). Strategy Maps: Converting Intangible Assets into Tangible Outcomes. Harvard Business Press. 4. Mintzberg, H. (1994). The Rise and Fall of Strategic Planning. Free Press. 5. Bezos, J. (2004). Interview with Harvard Business Review: “We Are Willing to Be Misunderstood for Long Periods of Time.” 6. Drucker, P. F. (1999). Management Challenges for the 21st Century. HarperBusiness. 7. The Procter & Gamble Company. (2014, August). P&G to Streamline Portfolio to 65 Core Brands. [Press Release]. 8. Airbnb, Inc. (2020). Form S-1 Registration Statement. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. 9. Schneider Electric China. (2023). China Hub Strategy and Local Empowerment Initiatives. [Official Press Release]. 10. L’Oréal China. (2022). Five Power Model: Building Sustainable Growth. [Corporate Website]. 11. Hikvision Digital Technology Co., Ltd. (2023). Customer Success Stories. [Corporate Newsroom]. 12. Harvard Business Review China. (2023). 施耐德电气的“解决方案转型”:从产品思维到客户思维。 13. 经济观察报. (2024年9月). 吉利的聚焦之路:从“台州宣言”看战略收缩与扩张平衡。 14. 第一财经. (2023年5月). 优衣库中国:从门店经营到体验创新的体系化演进。 本文来自微信公众号 “中欧国际工商学院”(ID:CEIBS6688) ,作者:蔡舒恒,张云路,编辑:李钰婷,36氪经授权发布。 该文观点仅代表作者本人,36氪平台仅提供信息存储空间服务。

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